The Crime of Ecocide
As the inaugural Executive Director of The Promise Institute, Kate Mackintosh led efforts to have severe and widespread or long-term damage to the environment recognized as an international crime. Her work is continuing as she helms The Promise Institute Europe.
If you attended our 2020 Symposium on Human Rights and the Climate Crisis, you may recall the closing panel which explored how international criminal law could protect the environment.
The symposium was followed by a working group at The Promise Institute, which then joined forces with an international expert panel to draft a new crime of ecocide.
The Promise Institute Europe Executive Director Kate Mackintosh was deputy co-chair of that panel, which was steered by Philippe Sands QC and Dior Fall Sow, and included nine other remarkable jurists from around the globe. After months of collaboration, they made history.
The Crime of Ecocide
The panel proposes the following definition of ecocide to be included as a new crime in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
- For the purpose of this Statute, “ecocide” means unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe and either widespread or long-term damage to the environment being caused by those acts.
- For the purpose of paragraph 1:
- “Wanton” means with reckless disregard for damage which would be clearly excessive in relation to the social and economic benefits anticipated;
- “Severe” means damage which involves very serious adverse changes, disruption or harm to any element of the environment, including grave impacts on human life or natural, cultural or economic resources;
- “Widespread” means damage which extends beyond a limited geographic area, crosses state boundaries, or is suffered by an entire ecosystem or species or a large number of human beings;
- “Long-term” means damage which is irreversible or which cannot be redressed through natural recovery within a reasonable period of time;
- “Environment” means the earth, its biosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere, as well as outer space.
Press Coverage (So Far) Includes:
Ecocide Could Change the Course of Climate History
It is the hope that ecocide will become a watershed fifth international crime in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, sitting alongside Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity and the Crime of Aggression.
Beyond that however, our broader goal is to see global shifts in attitudes toward the environment. Because ecocide law holds key decision-makers individually responsible, our hope is that it will alter the calculus of risk — asserting the value of our natural world. We all win when that happens.
Learn More About Ecocide Law
We partnered with the Stop Ecocide Foundation and the Human Rights Consortium at the University of London’s School of Advanced Study to create the website EcocideLaw.com. It’s both a legal and historical resource on ecocide, including past events and discussions, a timeline of the evolution of the idea of ecocide, scholarly articles and more. Please visit the site if you’re so inclined, and be sure to tell other environmental allies about it.
Human Rights & The Climate Crisis
Our 2020 Symposium helped build legal momentum for ecocide law.
Many Promise Institute Hands Helped Shepherd Ecocide Law Into Being
In alphabetical order, we were assisted greatly by students Amanda Brown ’20, Lydia Heye ’22, Hannah Seulgee Jung ’20, Prashant Khurana ’20, and Ashley Sykora ’21. Their work proved essential in so many aspects and we are proud to have offered hands-on work of this caliber as part of their legal education.
Meanwhile our faculty and visiting professors contributed, too! Our Assistant Director Jess Peake was a member of the working group; Professors Máximo Langer, Richard Steinberg and guest lecturer Richard Dicker gave invaluable input at the inception of the project.
International Criminal Law and the Protection of the Environment
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